1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP)

1,2,3-Trichloropropane (also known as TCP) is a chemical used industrially as a paint and varnish remover, in water-resistant compounds and resins, as a cleaning and degreasing agent, and in the chemical industry as a solvent and intermediate in the production of pesticides and other chemicals.

It can also form as a by-product during the production of chlorinated compounds. One such by-product formation is during the manufacture of the commonly used pesticide dichloropropene (trade name Telone®), which can lead to its arrival in soil. Or, according to the WHO, it can be present in well-drilling formulations.

1,2,3-Trichloropropane has been found in trace amounts in groundwater, surface water and drinking-water in the United States.

Health Effects of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane

1,2,3-Trichloropropane is moderately toxic with acute exposure, irritating the eyes and nose and damaging the kidneys and liver. Long term exposure in animal studies has been shown to cause kidney failure.

Long term exposure to 1,2,3-Trichloropropane in animals has been shown to be carcinogenic in multiple sites. According to the IARC, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane is “probably carcinogenic to humans.”

Water Treatment for 1,2,3-Trichloropropane

The EPA recommends granular activated carbon (GAC) for the treatment of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane.

Sources: EPA (1), EPA(2), WHO, IARC, Photo: WikiMedia, author: Secl